Book II Lesson 71
A famous clock ò???????μ?′ó?óWhen you visit London, one of the first things you will see is Big Ben, the famous clock which can be heard all over the world on the B.
B.C.
If the Houses of Parliament had hot been burned down in 1834, the great clock would never have been erected.
Big Ben takes its name from Sir Benjamin Hall who was responsible for the making of the clock when the new Houses of Parliament were being built.
It is not only of immense size, but is extremely accurate as well.
Officials from Greenwich Observatory have the clock checked twice a day.
On the B.
B.C.
you can hear the clock when it is actually striking because microphones are connected to the clock tower.
Big Ben has rarely gone wrong.
Once, however, it failed to give the correct time.
A painter who had been working on the tower hung a pot of paint on one of the hands and slowed it down !

Book II Lesson 72
A car called Bluebird "à????±??3μThe great racing driver, Sir Malcolm Campbell, was the first man to drive at over 300 miles per hour.
He set up a new world record in September 1935 at Bonneville Salt Flats, Utah.
Bluebird, the car he was driving, had been specially built for him.
It was over 30 feet in length and had a 2500 horse-power engine.
Although Campbell reached a speed of over 304 miles per hour, he had great difficulty in controlling the car because a tyre burst during the first run.
After his attempt, Campbell was disappointed to learn that his average speed had been 299 miles per hour.
However, a few days later, he was told that a mistake had been made.
His average speed had been 301 miles per hour.
Since that time, racing drivers have reached speeds of over 400 miles an hour.
Following his father's footsteps many years later, Sir Malcolm's son, Donald, also set up a world record.
Like his father, he was driving a car called Bluebird.

Book II Lesson 73
The record-holder ?í??±￡3???Little boys who play truant from school are unimaginative.
A quiet day's fishing, or eight hours in a cinema seeing the same film over and over again, is usually as far as they get.
They have all been put to shame by a boy who, while playing truant, travelled 1600 miles.
He hitch- hiked to Dover and, towards evening, went into a boat to find somewhere to sleep.
When he woke up next morning, he discovered that the boat had, in the meantime, travelled to Calais.
No one noticed the boy as he crept off.
From there, he hitch-hiked to Paris in a lorry.
The driver gave him a few biscuits and a cup of coffee and left him just outside the city.
The next car the boy stopped did not take him into the centre of Paris as he hoped it would, but to Perpignan on the French-Spanish border.
There he was picked up by a policeman and sent back to England by the local authorities.
He has surely set up a record for the thousands of boys who dream of evading school.

Book II Lesson 74
Out of the limelight ?èì¨??íaAn ancient bus stopped by a dry river bed and a party of famous actors and actresses got off.
Dressed in dark glasses and old clothes, they had taken special precautions so that no one should recognize them.
But as they soon discovered, disguises can sometimes be too perfect.

'This is a wonderful place for a picnic,' said Gloria Gleam.'
It couldn't be better, Gloria,' Brinksley Meers agreed.
'No newspaper men, no film fans!
Why don't we come more often ?'
Meanwhile, two other actors, Rockwall Slinger and Merlin Greeves, had carried two large food baskets to a shady spot under some trees.
When they had all made themselves comfortable, a stranger appeared.
He looked very angry.
'Now you gut out of here, all of you!'
he shouted: ' I'm sheriff here.
Do you see that notice ?
It says" No Camping"-in case you can't read !'
' Look, sheriff, 'said Rockwall,' don't be too hard on us.
I'm Rockwall Slinger and this is Merlin Greeves.'
' Oh, is it ?'
said the sheriff with a sneer.
'Well, I'm Brinksley Meers, and my other name is Gloria Gleam.
Now you get out of here fast !
'

Book II Lesson 75
SOS o??èD?o?When a light passenger plane flew off course some time ago, it crashed in the mountains and its pilot was killed.
The only passengers, a young woman and her two baby daughters, were unhurt.
It was the middle of winter.
Snow lay thick on the ground.
The woman knew that the nearest village was miles away.
When it grew dark.
she turned a suitcase into a bed and put the children inside it, covering them with all the clothes she could find.
During the night, it got terribly cold.
The woman kept as near as she could to the children and even tried to get into the case herself, but it was too small.
Early ,next morning she heard planes passing overhead and wondered how she could send a signal.
Then she had an idea.
She stamped out the letters' SOS' in the snow.
Fortunately, a pilot saw the signal and sent a message by radio to the nearest town.
It was not long before a helicopter arrived on the scene to rescue the survivors of the plane crash.

Book II Lesson 76
April Fools Day óTè??ú'To end our special news bulletin,' said the voice of the television announcer,' we are taking you to the macaroni fields of Calabria.
Macaroni has been grown in this area for over six hundred years.
Two of the leading growers, Giuseppe Moldova and Ricardo Brabante, tell me that they have been expecting a splendid crop this year and harvesting has begun earlier than usual.
Here you can see two workers who, between them, have just finished cutting three cart-loads of golden brownmacaroni stalks.
The whole village has been working day and night gathering and threshing this year's crop before the September rains.
On the right, you can see Mrs Brabante herself.
She has been helping her husband for thirty years now.
Mrs Brabante is talking to the manager of the local factory where the crop is processed.
This last scene shows you what will happen at the end of the harvest: the famous Calabrian macaroni-eating competition !
Signor Fratelli, the present champion, has won it every year since 1961.
And that ends our special bulletin for today, Thursday, April 1st.
We are now returning you to the studio.
'

Book II Lesson 77
A successful operation ò?ày3é1|μ?ê?ê?The mummy of an Egyptian woman who died in 800 B.C.
has just had an operation.
The mummy is that of Shepenmut who was once a singer in the Temple of Thebes.
As there were strange marks on the X-ray plates taken of the mummy, doctors have been trying to find out whether the woman died of a rare disease.
The only way to do this was to operate.
The operation, which lasted for over four hours, proved to be very difficult because of the hard resin which covered the skin.
The doctors removed a section of the mummy and sent it to a laboratory.
They also found something which the X-ray of the god Duamutef.
This god which has the head of a cow was normally placedinside a mummy.
The doctors have not yet decided how the woman died.
They feared that the mummy would fall to pieces when they cut it open, but fortunately this has not happened.
The mummy successfully survived the operation.

Book II Lesson 78
The last one?
×?oóò??|?e￡?After reading an article entitled 'Cigarette Smoking and Your Health' I lit a cigarette to calm my nerves.
I smoked with concentration and pleasure as I was sure that this would be my last cigarette.
For a whole week I did not smoke at all and during this time, my wife suffered terribly.
I had all the usual symptoms of someone giving up smoking: a bad temper and an enormous appetite.
My friends kept on offering me cigarettes and cigars.
They made no effort to hide their amusement whenever I produced a packet of sweets from my pocket.
After seven days of this I went to a party.
Everybody around me was smoking and I felt extremely uncomfortable.
When my old friend Brian urged me to accept a cigarette, it was more than I could bear.
I took one guiltily, lit it and smoked with satisfaction.
My wife was delighted that things had returned to normal once more.
Anyway, as Brian pointed out, it is the easiest thing in the world to give up smoking.
He himself has done it lots of times!

Book II Lesson 79
By air 3?·é?úI used to travel by air a great deal when I was a boy.
My parents, used to live in South America and I used to fly there from Europe in the holidays.
An airhostess would take charge of me and I never had an unpleasant experience.
I am used to travelling by air and only on one occasion have I ever felt frightened.
After taking off, we were flying low over the city and slowly gaining height, when the plane suddenly turned round and flew back to the airport.
While we were waiting to land, an air-hostess told us to keep calm and to get off the plane quietly as soon as it had touched down.
Everybody on board was worried and we were curious to find out what had happened.
Later we learnt that there was a very important person on board.
The police had been told that a bomb had been planted on the plane.
After we had landed, the plane was searched thoroughly.
Fortunately, nothing was found and five hours later we were able to take off again.

Book II Lesson 80
The Crystal Palace ???§1?Perhaps the most extraordinary building of the nineteenth century was the Crystal Palace, which was built in Hyde Park for the Great Exhibition of 1851.
The Crystal Palace was different from all other buildings in the world, for it was made of iron and glass.
It was one of the biggest buildings of all time and a lot of people from many countries came to see it.
A great many goods were sent to the exhibition from various parts of the world.
There was also a great deal of machinery on display.
The most wonderful piece of machinery on show was Nasmyth's steam hammer.
Though in those days, travelling was not as easy as it is today, steam boats carried thousands of visitors across the Channel from Europe.
On arriving in England, they were taken to the Crystal Palace by train.
There were six million visitors in all, and the profits from the exhibition were used to build museums and colleges.
Later, the Crystal Palace was moved to South London.
It remained one of the most famous buildings in the world until it was burnt down in 1936.

Book II Lesson 81
Escape í?ìóWhen he had killed the guard, the prisoner of war quickly dragged him into the bushes.
Working rapidly in the darkness, he soon changed into the dead man's clothes.
Now, dressed in a blue uniform and with a rifle over his shoulder, the prisoner marched boldly up and down in front of the camp.
He could hear shouting in the camp itself.
Lights were blazing and men were running here and there: they had just discovered that a prisoner had escaped.
At that moment, a large black car with four officers inside it, stopped at the camp gates.
The officers got out and the prisoner stood to attention and saluted as they passed.
When they had gone, the driver of the car came towards him.
The man obviously wanted to talk.
He was rather elderly with grey hair and clear blue eyes.
The prisoner felt sorry for him, but there was nothing else he could do.
As the man came near, the prisoner knocked him to the ground with a sharp blow.
Then, jumping into the car, he drove off as quickly as he could.

Book II Lesson 82
Monster or fish?
ê??y?1ê?ó?￡?Fishermen and sailors sometimes claim to have seen monsters in the sea.
Though people have often laughed at stories told by seamen, it is now known that many of these 'monsters' which have at times been sighted are simply strange fish.
Occasionally, unusual creatures are washed to the shore, but they are rarely caught out at sea.
Some time ago, however, a peculiar fish was caught near Madagascar.
A small fishing-boat was carried miles out to sea by the powerful fish as it pulled on the line.
Realizing that this was no ordinary fish, the fisherman made every effort not to damage it in any way.
When it was eventually brought to shore, it was found to be over thirteen feet long.
It had a head like a horse, big blue eyes, shining silver skin, and a bright red tail, The fish, which has since been sent to a museum where it is being examined by a scientist, is called an oarfish.
Such creatures have rarely been seen alive by man as they live at a depth of six hundred feet.

Book II Lesson 83
After the elections ′ó????oóThe former Prime Minister, Mr Wentworth Lane, was defeated in the recent elections.
He is now retiring from political life and has gone abroad.
My friend, Crawley, has always been a fanatical opponent of Mr Lane's Radical Progressive Party.
After the elections, Crawley went to the former Prime Minister's house.
When he asked if Mr Lane lived there, the policeman on duty told him that since his defeat, the ex-Prime Minister had gone abroad.
On the following day, Crawley went to the house again.
The same policeman was just walking slowly past the entrance, when Crawley asked the same question.
Though a little suspicious this time, the policeman gave him the same answer.
The day after, Crawley went to the house once more and asked exactly the same question.
This time, the policeman lost his temper.'
I told you yesterday and the day before yesterday,' he shouted, 'Mr Lane was defeated in the elections.
He has retired from political life and gone to live abroad !'
' I know,' answered Crawley,' but I love to hear you say it !'

Book II Lesson 84
On strike °?1¤Busmen have decided to go on strike next week.
The strike is due to begin on Tuesday.
No one knows how long it will last.
The busmen have stated that the strike will continue until general agreement is reached about pay and working conditions.
Most people believe that the strike will last for at least a week.
Many owners of private cars are going to offer 'free rides' to people on their way to work.
This will relieve pressure on the trains to some extent.
Meanwhile, a number of university students have volunteered to drive buses while the strike lasts.
All the young men are expert drivers, but before they drive any of the buses, they will have to pass a special test.
The students are going to take the test in two days' time.
Even so, people are going to find it difficult to get to work.
But so far, the public has expressed its gratitude to the students in letters to the Press.
Only one or two people have objected that the students will drive too fast!

Book II Lesson 85
Never too old to learn ??μ?à??§μ?à?I have just received a letter from my old school informing me that my former head- master, Mr Regmald Page, will be retiring next week.
Pupils of the school, old and new, will be sending him a present to mark the occasion.
All those who have contributed towards the gift will sign their names in a large album which will be sent to the headmaster's home.
We shall all remember Mr Page for his patience and understanding and for the kindly encouragement he gave us when we went so unwillingly to school.
A great many former pupils will be attending a farewell dinner in his honour next Thursday.
It is a curious coincidence that the day before his retirement, Mr Page will have been teaching for a total of forty years.
After he has retired, he will devote himself to gardening.
For him, this will be an entirely new hobby.
But this does not matter, for, as he has often remarked, one is never too old to learn.

Book II Lesson 86
Out of control �?As the man tried to swing the speed-boat round, the steering-wheel came away in his hands.
He waved desperately to his companion, who had been water-skiing for the last fifteen minutes.
Both men had hardly had time to realize what was happening when they were thrown violent1y into the sea.
The speed-boat had struck a buoy, but it continued to move very quickly across the water.
Both men had just begun to swim towards the shore.
when they noticed with dismay that the speed-boat was moving in a circle.
It now came straight towards them at tremendous speed.
In less than a minute, it roared past them only a few feet away.
After it had passed, they swam on as quickly as they could because they knew that the boat would soon return.
They had just had enough time to swim out of danger when the boat again completed a circle.
On this occasion, however, it had slowed down considerably.
The petrol had nearly all been used up.
Before long, the noise dropped completely and the boat began to drift gently across the water.

Book II Lesson 87
A perfect alibi ??o?μ?2??ú·?×???3?μ??¤?Y'At the time the murder was committed, I was travelling on the 8.
0 o'clock train to London,' said the man.
'Do you always catch such an early train ?'
asked the inspector.
'Of course I do,' answered the man.'
I must be at work at 10.
0 o'clock.
My employer will confirm that I was there on time.'
' Would a later train get you to work on time ?'
asked the inspector.'
I suppose it would, but I never catch a later train.'
'At what time did you arrive at the station ?'
'At ten to eight.
I bought a paper and waited for the train.'
'And you didn't notice anything unusual ?'
'Of course not.'
'I suggest,' said the inspector, 'that you are not telling the truth.
I suggest that you did not catch the 8.
0 o'clock train, but that you caught the 8.
25 which would still get you to work on time.
You see, on the morning of the murder, the 8.
0 o'clock train did not run at all.
It broke down at Ferngreen station and was taken off the line.
'

Book II Lesson 88
Trapped in a mine à§?ú?ó??à?Six men have been trapped in a mine for seventeen hours.
If they are not brought to the surface soon they may lose their lives.
However, rescue operations are proving difficult.
If explosives are used, vibrations will cause the roof of the mine to collapse.
Rescue workers are therefore drilling a hole on the north side of the mine.
They intend to bring the men up in a special capsule.
If there had not been a hard layer of rock beneath the soil, they would have completed the job in a few hours.
As it is, they have been drilling for sixteen hours and they still have a long way to go.
Meanwhile, a microphone, which was lowered into the mine two hours ago, has enabled the men to keep in touch with the closest relatives.
Though they are running out of food and drink, the men are cheerful and confident that they will get out soon.
They have been told that rescue operations are progressing smoothly.
If they knew how difficult it was to drill through the hard rock, they would lose heart.

Book II Lesson 89
A slip of the tongue ?ú?óPeople will do anything to see a free show--even if it is a bad one.
When the news got round that a variety show would be presented at our local cinema by the P.
and U.
Bird Seed Company, we all rushed to see it.
We had to queue for hours to get in and there must have been several hundred people present just be- fore the show began.
Unfortunately, the show was one of the dullest we have ever seen.
Those who failed to get in need not have felt disappointed as many of the artistes who should have appeared did not come.
The only funny things we heard that evening came from the advertiser at the beginning of the programme.
He was obviously very nervous and for some minutes stood awkwardly before the microphone.
As soon as he opened his mouth, everyone burst out laughing.
We all know what the poor man should have said, but what he actually said was: 'This is the Poo and Ee Seed Bird Company.
Good ladies, evening and gentlemen !
'

Book II Lesson 90
Whats for supper ￡? íí2í3?ê2?′￡?Though Brazil is one of the richest countries in the world, much of it has not yet been developed.
It was mainly for this reason that the Brazilian government decided to have a new city built 600 miles north-west of Rio de Janeiro.
Designed by the great architect Lucio Costa, the new city, Brasilia, replaced Rio de Janeiro as the capital of Brazif in 1960.
Brasilia has been carefully planned for modern living.
Its wide roads, which can take fourteen lanes of traffic, have been keptaway from living areas.
Children do not have to cross busy streets to go to school.
Housewives can visit-shopping centres on foot, for in these specially designed living areas, cars are unnecessary.
At first, the government had great difficulty in persuading people to leave Rio and to settle in Brasilia.
Since 1960, however, the population has been growing all the time.
Brasilia has quickly established itself as the capital of the country.
The idea to have the capital moved so far inland will have a great effect on the future of Brazil.

Book II Lesson 91
Three men in a basket èyè?í?àoA pilot noticed a balloon which seemed to be making for a Royal Air Force Station nearby.
He informed the station at once, but no one there was able to explain the mystery.
The officer in the control tower was very angry when he heard the news, because balloons can be a great danger to aircraft.
He said that someone might by spying on the station and the pilot was ordered to keep track of the strange object.
The pilot managed to circle the balloon for some time.
He could make out three men in a basket under it and one of them was holding field-glasses.
When the balloon was over the station, the pilot saw one of the men taking photographs.
Soon afterwards, the balloon began to descend and it landed near an airfield.
The police were called in, but they could not arrest anyone, for the basket contained two Members of Parliament and the Commanding Officer of the station!
As the Commanding Officer explained later, one half of the station did not know what the other half was doing !

Book II Lesson 92
Asking for trouble ×??ò?é·3It must have been about two in the morning when I returned home.
I tried to wake up my wife by ringing the door-bell, but she was fast asleep, so I got a ladder from the shed in the garden, put it against the wall, and began climbing towards the bedroom window.
I was almost there when a sarcastic voice below said,' I don't think the windows need cleaning at this time of the night.
'I looked down and nearly fell off the ladder when I saw a policeman.
I immediately regretted answering in the way I did, but I said, 'I enjoy cleaning windows at night.'
'So do I,' answered the policeman in the same tone.
'Excuse my interrupting you.
I hate to interrupt a man when he's busy working, but would you mind coming with me to the station ?'
'Well, I'd prefer to stay here,' I said.
'You see, I've forgotten my key.'
'Your what ?'
he called.
'My key,' I shouted.'
Fortunately, the shouting woke up my wife who opened the window just as the policeman had started to climb towards me.

Book II Lesson 93
A noble gift 3???μ?à???One of the most famous monuments in the world, the Statue of Liberty, was presented to the United States of America in the nineteenth century by the people of France.
The great statue, which was designed by the sculptor Auguste Bartholdi, took ten years to complete.
The actual figure was made of copper supported by a metal framework which had been especially constructed by Eiffel.
Before it could be transported to the United States, a site had to be found for it and a pedestal had to be built.
The site chosen was an island at the entrance of New York Harbour.
By 1884, a statue which was 151 feet tall, had been erected in Paris.
The following year, it was taken to pieces and sent to America.
By the end of October 1886, the statue had been put together again and it was officially presented to the American people by Bartholdi.
Ever since then, the great monument has been a symbol of liberty for the millions of people who have passed through New York Harbour to make their homes in America.

Book II Lesson 94
Future champions ?′à′μ?1ú?üExperiments have proved that children can be instructed in swimming at a very early age.
At a special swimming pool in Los Angeles, children become expert at holding their breath under water even before they can walk.
Babies of two months old do not appear to be reluctant to enter the water, It is not long before they are so accustomed to swimming that they can pick up weights from the floor of the pool.
A game that is very popular with these young swimmers is the underwater tricycle race.
Tricycles are lined up on the floor of the pool seven feet under water.
The children compete against each other to reach the other end of the pool.
Many pedal their tricycles, but most of them prefer to push or drag them.
Some children can cover the whole length of the pool without coming up for breath even once.
Whether they will ever become future Olympic champions, only time will tell.
Meanwhile, they should encourage those among us who cannot swim five yards before they are gasping for air.

Book II Lesson 95
A fantasy ′?ê?Dé11When the Ambassador of Escalopia returned home for lunch, his wife got a shock.
He looked pale and his clothes were in a frightful state.
'What has happened ?'
she asked.
'How did your clothes get into such a mess ?'
'A fire-extinguisher, my dear,' answered the Ambassador drily.
'University students set the Embassy on fire this morning.'
'Good heavens!'
exclaimed his wife.
'And where were you at the time ?'
'I was in my office as usual,' answered the Ambassador.
'The fire broke out in the basement.
I went down immediately.
of course, and that fool, Horst, aimed a fire-extinguisher at me.
He thought I was on fire.
I must definitely get that fellow posted.'
The Ambassador's wife went on asking questions, when she suddenly noticed a big hole in her husband's hat.
'And how can you explain that ?'
she asked.
'Oh, that,' said the Ambassador.
'Someone fired a shot through my office window.
Accurate, don't you think ?
Fortunately, I wasn't wearing it at the time.
If I had been, I would not have been able to get home for lunch.'

Book II Lesson 96
The dead return í?áé·μ??A Festival for the Dead is held once a year in Japan.
This festival is a cheerful occasion, for on this day, the dead are said to return to their homes and they are welcomed by the living.
As they are expected to be hungry after their long journey, food is laid out for them.
Specially-made lanterns are hung outside each house to help the dead to find their way.
All night long, people dance and sing.
In the early morning, the food that had been laid out for the dead is thrown into a river or into the sea as it is considered unlucky for anyone living to eat it.
In towns that are near the sea, the tiny lanterns which had been hung in the streets the night before, are placed into the water when the festival is over.
Thousands of lanterns slowly drift out to sea guiding the dead on their return journey to the other world.
This is a moving spectacle, for crowds of people stand on the shore watching the lanterns drifting away until they can be seen no more.

---

---